andrehyg, Divine Mercy

1. *Translator*: One who converts a text from one language into another.
Translation can be organized in three dimensions: by approach, by field, and
by tools used.
2. *Interpreter*: One who orally translates a spoken message.
Interpreting is different from interpretation in that the former is the act
of orally translating spoken words into another language, while the latter
pertains more to a literary perspective where a person conveys his or her
own meaning and understanding. Interpreting can be categorized into setting
and delivery style.
3. *Terminologist*: One who is aimed at locating terms in order to
facilitate communication. The field of terminology refers to the technical
terms and expressions used in a specialized subject, but also to the
investigation of the terms in order to find the term that best represents
any given concept. Terminology management typically involves a system of
cataloguing, updating, retrieving, and managing terms to enable a consistent
use of terminology.
4. *Editor/Proofreader*: Usually one person or a team of people who
review the translated texts making grammatical and terminological revisions
including an awareness of the overall meaning of and cultural application of
the text. Editing and proofreading are two separate tasks that require a
certain degree of cross-language proficiency.
5. *Subtitler*: One who provides synchronized captions in the target
language for film and television dialogue. Subtitling is one of the two main
methods of language transfer used in translating types of mass audio-visual
communication. The other is dubbing, which is narrowly defined to be a
lip-sync process, designed to give the impression that the actors in the
film are actually speaking in the target language.
6. *Transcriptionist*: One who listens to the sounds and words of a
spoken message, usually on tape, and converts it into a written translation.
Generally, transcription refers to an interlingual transfer preserving forms
of original sounds, letters, or words unchanged in the target translation.
7. *Localizor*: One who takes a product and adapts it to a specific
locale, target market, or language group. Localization is strongly
associated with the software industry because it is one of the largest
consumers of localization services, but localization is also necessary in
other contexts. Internationalization is distinct from localization in that
it is the act of designing a product so that it can be easily adapted to
local markets.
8. *Lexicographer*: One who develops an entry or definition of a word,
term, or concept to be included in a monolingual or bilingual dictionary.
9. *Linguist*: One who is concerned with the exact equivalent of a unit
of the source translation text without referencing cultural or contextual
factors. Linguists write syntactic and grammatical rules for translation
programs. A linguist who has advanced computer programming knowledge and can
also design such a program is called a translation software designer.
10. *Project Manager*: One who oversees the process of translation,
remaining in contact with the client, acting as liaison between translating
team and client, managing all technical direction, supporting and tracking
the progress of the translation project.
11. *Language Engineer*: One who creates software that is easily adapted
into another language, making the localization process simpler. This method
involves organizing and implementing programs, templates, and scripts of
software or web pages so that the transition of a software program from one
language to the next is a smooth one. Knowledge of a foreign language is
useful.